Comparison of the data-driven top-down and bottom-up global terrestrial CO2 exchanges: GOSAT CO2 inversion and empirical eddy flux upscaling
- Authors
- kondo M., Ichii K., Takagi H., Sasakawa M.
- Journal
- J. Geophys. Res.: Biogeosci., 120, 1226–1245
- DOI
- 10.1002/ 2014JG002866
- Abstract
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We examined the consistency between terrestrial biosphere fluxes (terrestrial CO2 exchanges) from data-driven top-down (GOSAT CO2 inversion) and bottom-up (empirical eddy flux upscaling based on a support vector regression (SVR) model) approaches over 42 global terrestrial regions from June 2009 to October 2011. Seasonal variations of the biosphere fluxes by the two approaches agreed well in boreal and temperate regions across the Northern Hemisphere. Both fluxes also exhibited strong anomalous signals in response to contrasting anomalous spring temperatures observed in North America and boreal Eurasia. This indicates that the CO2 concentration data integrated in the GOSAT inversion and the meteorological and vegetation data in the SVR models are equally effective in producing spatiotemporal variations of biosphere flux. Meanwhile, large differences in seasonality were found in subtropical and tropical South America, South Asia, and Africa. The GOSAT inversion showed seasonal variations that pivoted around CO2 neutral, while the SVR model showed seasonal variations that tended toward CO2 sink. Thus, a large difference in CO2 budget was identified between the two approaches in subtropical and tropical regions across the Southern Hemisphere. Examination of the integrated data revealed that the large tropical sink of CO2 by the SVR model was an artifact due to the underrepresented biosphere fluxes predicted by limited eddy flux data for tropical biomes. Because of the global coverage of CO2 concentration data, the GOSAT inversion provides better estimates of continental CO2 flux than the SVR model in the Southern Hemisphere.