標高と同様に、気象パラメータは吸収源活動の評価における重要なパラメータとなり、モデル入力データとしても重要となります。ここでは、全球を対象とした気象データセットの一例として、NASAの地上気象・日射パラメータデータセットを紹介します。
NASA地上気象・日射パラメータデータセット
本データセットは、米国における再生可能エネルギー技術プロジェクト- Renewable Energy Technology(RET)-のために作成された、全球を対象とした気象・日射量パラメータデータセットです。本データセットでは、過去10年間のグローバルな値の月別平均値として提供されており、1度ごとのグリットデータとして入手することが可能となっています。
本データは、再生可能エネルギーの潜在賦存量の推計、発電所立地の検討等を目的としていますが、吸収源に関連するモデル計算においても利用可能なデータセットとなります。
以下に、本データセットにおいて提供されている、各パラメータを示します。
（１）Meteorology (Temperature)
| Air temperature (degrees Celsius) Daily temperature range (degrees Celsius) Difference between the average daily maximum and average daily minimum. Cooling degree days above 18° C (degree days) The monthly accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is above 18 degrees Celsius. Heating degree days below 18° C (degree days) The monthly accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 18 degrees Celsius. Arctic heating degree days below 10° C (degree days) The monthly accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius. Arctic heating degree days below 0° C (degree days) The monthly accumulation of degrees when the daily mean temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius. Earth skin temperature (degrees Celsius) Daily mean earth temperature minimum, maximum and amplitude (degrees Celsius) Minimum: 10-year average of the minimum daily mean earth temperature for each month. Maximum: 10-year average of the maximum daily mean earth temperature for each month. Amplitude: One half of the difference between the average daily earth temperature minimum and maximum. Frost days (days) The number of days for which the temperature falls below 0 degrees Celcius. Dew point temperature (degrees Celcius) Temperature at which air is saturated with water vapor. Air temperature at available GMT times (degrees Celcius) |
（２）Meteorology (Wind)
| Wind speed at 50m (m/s) The average and percent difference minimum and maximum are given. Percent of time for ranges of wind speed at 50m (percent) Percentage [frequency] of time that wind speed is in each range (0-2, 3-6, 7-10, 11-14, 15-18, 19-25 m/s). Wind speed at 50m for available GMT times (m/s) Wind direction at 50m (degrees) Wind direction at 50m for available GMT times (degrees) Wind speed at 10m for terrain similar to airports (m/s) Difference for wind speed at 10m from average wind speed at 50m (percent) Percent difference from average wind speed at 50m for terrain similar to one of 17 vegetation types. |
（３）Meteorology (Other)
| Relative humidity (percent) Ratio of actual partial press of water vapor to the partial pressure at saturation, expressed in percent. Humidity ratio (kilograms per kilogram) Mass of water vapor carried by unit mass of dry air (kg water/kg dry air). Also called specific humidity. Atmospheric pressure (kilo Pascals) Total column precipitable water (cm) Amount of moisture in the air from 310 to 1000 mb. Precipitation (mm/day) The average daily rain rate based upon the total monthly averaged amount of rain for the given month divided by the number of days in the month. |
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